Cheque use is steadily declining as electronic alternatives gain in popularity, but Canadians still use close to a billion cheques each year.
A cheque is a written "order to pay", which you sign and give to another party as payment. When you pay using a cheque, you are instructing your financial institution to give money from your account to the person (or organization) that is depositing the cheque.
Payments Canada and its participant financial institutions have established rules and standards which set out the specifications for cheques (Standard 006), and cheque images (Rule A10), which can be deposited using your mobile phone.
Writing a cheque
If you're filling out a cheque by hand, use a ball-point or roller pen with black or blue ink.
If you're using a computer to do this, use a minimum 10 point font and dark ink colours that will show up well in images (black, blue or dark purple).
We recommend including the amount of the payment in words (even though it's not legally required), since it serves as a backup if the amount in figures is questioned.
You should ensure that you have sufficient funds in your account to cover the cheques that you write. It's a good idea to keep a record of the cheques you write so you know which ones have been deposited and which ones are still outstanding.
Review your account activity regularly, and report any issues to your financial institution.
Make sure to keep your chequebook in a safe place, and never pre-fill or pre-sign cheques.
Accepting and depositing a cheque
When accepting a cheque, make sure the person paying you has filled all necessary fields correctly and has signed it.
If the cheque is made out to more than one person or if someone is giving you a cheque that was made out to them, make sure that it has all the required signatures on the back of the cheque (endorsements). For example, if a cheque is made out to you and John Smith, you need John Smith's signature on the back of the cheque to deposit it in your account. Or, if a cheque is made out to Jane Doe, she can sign the back and give it to you. If you're unsure whether an endorsement is required, check with your branch.
When you deposit a cheque, your financial institution updates your account records to show a deposit of the amount indicated. Depending on your bank's policies, you may able to access the money right away, or the funds might be put "on hold".
Holds
Federally regulated financial institutions are required by law to limit the hold period on cheques. Our rules and standards do not address holds on cheques, but the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada's (FCAC) website has useful information on your rights and responsibilities.
Stale-dated
Cheques are considered stale-dated after six months, unless certified. A stale-dated cheque simply means that the item is old, and not necessarily invalid. Financial institutions may still honour these items, but there is no obligation to do so. Government of Canada cheques don't stale-date and your financial institution can confirm that they are still valid.
Post-dated
Cheques should not be deposited before their due date.
However, given the large volume of cheques and automated processing, some items may slip through.
If you notice that a post-dated cheque is cashed early, you can ask that your financial institution return it, up to and including the day before the date on the cheque. You will need to make other arrangements to pay the recipient.
To learn more about cheques, view Module 03 (Cheques) of our educational video series.
FAQs
We recommend that you consult your financial institution for advice. Our rules and standards do not address how to write the payee's name on a cheque.
It's up to each financial institution to decide which items they accept, so you should ask your branch. The named and intended payee should endorse the cheque to the third-party.
Our rules and standards do not address what a financial institution needs to verify on an item. It is a business decision on their part to determine what they verify on deposited items (ex. signature, endorsement, etc.)
You should contact your financial institution for information on their procedures.
You should report any suspicious activity to your financial institution immediately. They are in the best position to help you.
Yes, you can print your own cheques. They must meet specifications for cheques found in Standard 006. This includes printing your bank account information in magnetic ink at the bottom of your cheques.
You should present a sample of your printed cheque to avoid any potential processing problems.
Several Canadian financial institutions offer apps for remote deposit capture. To find out if your financial institution offers remote deposit capture, contact them or check the app store.
No, getting the cheque back doesn’t guarantee that it wasn't already deposited.
It's possible that the cheque was deposited if the payee's bank offers remote deposit capture. The payee may have been unaware that you wanted to cancel your payment at the time of deposit.
If you decide to cancel a cheque, contact your financial institution as soon as possible, and place a stop payment. You’ll need to contact your financial institution to see what options are available.
Receiving your cheque back applies only to the payment method itself; it does not cancel or affect any financial obligation between the parties for goods or services obtained.
If you place a stop payment and the item is processed to your account, please contact your financial institution